空投着陆气囊缓冲系统环境适应性研究

目的 研究在空投着陆过程中， 气囊缓冲系统的缓冲特性和环境适应性， 分析空投着陆环境变化对气囊缓冲特性的影响。方法 以热力学理论和刚体动力学为基础， 建立空投着陆气囊缓冲系统动力学模型， 以此为基础编写气囊缓冲特性计算分析软件； 针对某型主-辅囊结构气囊进行地面冲击试验，对比验证了计算模型的正确性。结果 空投着陆海拔高度为0， 3000， 4500 m时， 空投装备着地瞬间的着地速度分别为0.52， 0.96， 2.31 m/s， 随着海拔升高， 空投装备着地速度明显增大。环境温度、 大气密度和大气压力等参数对气囊缓冲特性的影响比较显著。结论 气囊缓冲系统的缓冲特性满足设计要求， 可适应海拔较高的空投环境。同一气囊系统在较高海拔环境中使用应充分评估其适用性和安全性， 避免空投装备着地速度较大而造成装备损坏。

Cushioning Property and Environmental Adaptability of Airbag Landing System

This paper studied the cushioning property and the environmental adaptability of the airbag landing system in the process of landing. Based on rigid dynamic equations and thermal dynamic equations, the analytical model of airbag landing system was developed. The calculation software of the cushioning property of airbag was compiled based on the model. Experimental research was carried on the cushioning property of airbag. The validity of the analytical model was verified through comparing with experimental data. The research results indicated that three key factors had significant influence on the cushioning property of the airbag landing system, including atmospheric pressure, air density, and ambient temperature. When the altitude was 0, 3000 and 4500 m, accordingly, the landing speed was 0.52, 0.96 and 2.31 m/s respectively. In conclusion, the cushioning property of the airbag landing system can meet the design requirements and can adapt to the air-drop environment in high altitude. As the landing speed of the air-drop equipment significantly increases along with the increase of altitude, the applicability and safety must be evaluated to ensure the safety of the airbag landing system of the airdrop equipment to avoid damage to the equipment due to high landing speed.