电弧气刨过程应力场特点分析

建立一个既考虑电弧热作用又考虑材料去除的电弧气刨三维有限元模型，详细分析电弧气刨过程应力场演变及最终残余应力的分布特征，结果表明：应力场的演变过程及最终残余应力的分布和平板焊接过程的较为相似。在电弧气刨过程中，由于电弧强烈的热作用，导致金属材料的热胀冷缩，在坡口附近的一圈薄层中出现很高的拉应力，纵向应力远大于横向应力，且存在三向拉应力的集中，这对电弧气刨的工程应用有相当不利的影响。在此基础上，进一步建立考虑初始应力场的电弧气刨应力场分析模型，揭示出电弧气刨对板材初始应力的影响机理。

Characteristic of Stress Field During the Carbon Arc Air Gouging Process

A three-dimensional finite element model including the flux thermal function and material removal is established in order to simulate the carbon arc air gouging process. The evolution of stress field and the characteristic of final residual stress distribution are analyzed. The results indicate that the evolution of the stress field and the residual stress distribution in the air-arc cutting process are similar to those of the welding process for flat plates. During the carbon arc air gouging process, the thermal expansion and cold contraction of the metals lead to the high tensile stresses in the materials around the groove, and high three-dimensional tensile stress concentration is obtained near the groove, which is adverse to the application of the carbon arc air gouging. On this basis, an analytical model that takes the initial residual stress into consideration is established, and which reveals the mechanism of the influences of the carbon arc air gouging on the initial stress of plate.