初期现货市场下考虑用户响应行为的需求响应机制设计

在中国电力现货市场建设初期,电力用户参与市场的方式及响应行为具有较大差异.高比例用户受电网公司管理间接参与市场,无法主动响应市场的动态价格,但其固有的用电行为会影响市场价格,甚至导致电力供需紧张场景下出现极端价格.为此,考虑到高比例间接参与市场的用户在日前的负荷调整能力,设计了适用于初期现货市场的需求响应机制.首先,建立了考虑不同用户响应行为的需求响应机制框架,提出了需求响应机制的触发条件,并进一步分析了该机制框架下用户参与需求响应的机理.然后,构建了考虑间接参与用户主动响应的市场出清模型,并提出了保证需求响应机制可持续运行的结算方法.最后,通过算例验证了所提机制的合理性及有效性.

Design of Demand Response Mechanism Considering Response Behaviors of Customers in Initial Electricity Spot Market

In the early construction stage of electricity spot markets in China, the market participating methods and response behaviors of electricity customers are quite unique. A high proportion of customers are managed by power grid companies to participate in the spot market indirectly, who cannot actively respond to market dynamic prices, while their inherent electricity consumption behaviors will affect market prices. Furthermore, the customers may even cause extreme prices in the intense scenarios of power supply and demand. To this end, taking into account the load adjustment ability of a high proportion of customers who indirectly participate in the market, a demand response mechanism suitable for the initial electricity spot market is designed. Firstly, a demand response mechanism framework that considers different response behaviors of customers is established, trigger conditions of the demand response mechanism are proposed, and under the mechanism framework, the mechanism of customers participating in demand response is analyzed. Then, a market clearing model considering the active demand response of customers who indirectly participate in the market is constructed. A settlement method to ensure the sustainable operation of the demand response mechanism is proposed. Finally, case studies verify the rationality and effectiveness of the proposed mechanism.