Cascade pulse-tube cryocooler using a displacer for efficient work recovery |
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| Affiliation: | 1. CAS Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Beijing 100190, China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;1. Key Laboratory of Space Energy Conversion Technology, Technical Institute of Physical and Chemistry, CAS, China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, China;1. Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;2. Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;1. Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;2. Lihan Thermoacoustic Technologies (Shenzhen) Co. Ltd., Shenzhen 518055, China;1. Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China;1. Key Laboratory of Space Energy Conversion Technologies, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, CAS, Beijing 100190, China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China |
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| Abstract: | Expansion work is generally wasted as heat in a pulse-tube cryocooler and thus represents an obstacle to obtaining higher Carnot efficiency. Recovery of this dissipated power is crucial to improvement of these cooling systems, particularly when the cooling temperature is not very low. In this paper, an efficient cascade cryocooler that is capable of recovering acoustic power is introduced. The cryocooler is composed of two coolers and a displacer unit. The displacer, which fulfills both phase modulation and power transmission roles, is sandwiched in the structure by the two coolers. This means that the expansion work from the first stage cooler can then be used by the second stage cooler. The expansion work of the second stage cooler is much lower than the total input work and it is thus not necessary to recover it. Analyses and experiments were conducted to verify the proposed configuration. At an input power of 1249 W, the cascade cryocooler achieved its highest overall relative Carnot efficiency of 37.2% and a cooling power of 371 W at 130 K. When compared with the performance of a traditional pulse-tube cryocooler, the cooling efficiency was improved by 32%. |
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| Keywords: | Pulse-tube cryocooler Cascade stage Displacer Power recovery |
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