Pyrolysis of palm oil wastes for enhanced production of hydrogen rich gases |
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| Affiliation: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China;2. Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Innovation Center, Block 2, Unit 237, 18 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637723, Singapore;1. Bioenergy and Biofuels Area, Catalonia Institute for Energy Research, IREC, C/Marcel·lí Domingo, 2, Tarragona 43007 Spain;2. Departament d''Enginyeria Química, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Països Catalans, 26, Tarragona 43007 Spain;3. Department of Thermal Energy, SINTEF Energy Research, No-7465, Trondheim, Norway;1. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;2. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Nizwa, Al Dakulaya, Oman |
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| Abstract: | A study on pyrolysis of palm oil wastes in a countercurrent fixed bed was carried out, aiming to characterize the hydrogen rich gas products in view of enhanced energy recycling. The effects of temperature, residence time and catalyst adding on the yields and distribution of hydrogen rich gas products were investigated. The main gas species generated, as identified by Micro-GC, were H2, CO, CO2, CH4 and trace amounts of C2H4 and C2H6. With temperature increasing from 500 °C to 900 °C, the total gas yield was enhanced greatly and reached the maximum value (～ 70 wt.%, on the raw biomass sample basis) at 900 °C with big portions of H2 (33.49 vol.%) and CO (41.33 vol.%). Residence time showed a significant influence on the upgrading of H2 and CO2 yields. The optimum residence time (9 s) was found to get a higher H2 yield (10.40 g/kg (daf)). The effect of adding chemicals (Ni, γ-Al2O3, Fe2O3 and La/Al2O3, etc.) on gas product yield was investigated and adding Ni showed the greatest catalytic effect with the maximum H2 yield achieved at 29.78 g/kg (daf). |
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