油气田刺激响应性材料应用现状及前景展望

油田化学品在钻井完井、压裂酸化、调剖堵水、乳化降黏、油水分离等环节发挥关键作用，但低渗透、高温、高盐、极端pH及使用过程中温度、pH变化等苛刻油气藏环境，给应用于油田化学品的聚合物和表面活性剂的研发带来了严峻的挑战。引入磺酸基等抗温抗盐基团或增大驱油剂相对分子质量等传统方式已难以满足油田需求。该文介绍了温度敏感、pH敏感、磁响应、CO2敏感、盐度敏感等响应环境变化的刺激响应材料的原理、性能和潜在的应用，最后展望了刺激响应性材料在油气开采中的发展前景。

Application status and prospects of stimuli-responsive materials in oil and gas fields

Oilfield chemicals play a crucial role in drilling and completion, fracturing and acidizing, profile control and water plugging, emulsification and viscosity reduction, oil/water separation, etc. However, the harsh reservoir environment such as low permeability, high temperature, high salinity, extreme pH, and changes of temperature or pH has brought severe challenges to the research of polymers and surfactants. The traditional methods of adding groups to resist temperature and salinity, such as sulfonic acid groups, or increasing the relative molecular mass of oil displacement agents can no longer meet the oilfield needs. In this paper, the principles, properties, and potential applications of stimuli-responsive materials were introduced, which can respond to environmental changes, such as temperature-sensitive, pH-sensitive, magnetic-responsive, CO2-sensitive, and salinity-sensitive. Finally, the development prospect of stimuli-responsive materials in oil and gas production is summarized.