阿卡波糖对2型糖尿病肠道菌群及代谢产物的影响

目的：为探究浒苔多酚（Enteromorpha prolifera polyphenols，EPP）对2型糖尿病小鼠的降血糖功效，为浒苔多酚产品的开发提供理论依据。方法：以浒苔为材料，经乙醇溶液提取得到EPP粗提物，采用硅胶柱层析纯化EPP粗提物；用四氧嘧啶诱导建立2型糖尿病小鼠模型，将实验小鼠分为空白对照组、模型对照组、EPP低剂量组（EPP-L）、EPP中剂量组（EPP-M）、EPP高剂量组（EPP-H）、阳性对照组，连续灌胃4周，测定小鼠基础指标，以及脂代谢和血清抗氧化指标。结果：在动物实验中，第4周时，EPP-H组小鼠体重达32.16±1.97 g，与阳性对照组无显著差异（P>0.05）。EPP-H组小鼠空腹血糖浓度为11.78±1.62 mmol/L，与阳性对照组无显著差异（P>0.05），且能显著提升小鼠葡萄糖耐受力（P<0.05），改善小鼠耐糖量异常。EPP-H组小鼠体内超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度及血清胰岛素水平分别为：157.36±6.71 U/mg，168.07±1.77 U/mg，378.14±9.74 U/mg，1.31±0.04 mmol/L，19.03±2.01 mU/L，与模型对照组相比极显著升高（P<0.01），且能显著降低丙二醛、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的含量（P<0.05）。结论：浒苔多酚能有效改善2型糖尿病小鼠基础代谢情况及修复糖尿病小鼠的过氧化损伤，进而起到降血糖作用。

The effect of Acarbose on the intestinal flora and its metabolites in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Objective: The aim of this work was to explore the hypoglycemic effect of Enteromorpha prolifera polyphenols (EPP) on type 2 diabetic mice, and to provide theoretical basis for the development of EPP products. Methods: EPP crude was extracted from Enteromorpha prolifera by ethanol solution extraction, and purified by silica gel column chromatography. The model of type 2 diabetes in mice was established by alloxan. The experimental mice were divided into blank control group, model control group, EPP low dose group (EPP-L), EPP midium dose group (EPP-M), EPP high dose group (EPP-H), and positive control group. The basic indicators of mice, as well as lipid metabolism and serum antioxidant indicators, were measured by continuous gastric perfusion for 4 weeks. Results: At the 4th week of the experiment, the averaged weight of mice in EPP-H group reached 32.16±1.97 g, which was not significantly different from that of the positive control group (P>0.05). The fasting blood glucose concentration of EPP-H group was 11.78±1.62 mmol/L, and there was no significant difference between EPP-H group and the positive control group (P>0.05). EPP-H clearly had significantly improved both the glucose tolerance (P<0.05) and the abnormal glucose tolerance of mice. The concentrations of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and serum insulin levels in EPP-H mice were 157.36±6.71 U/mg, 168.07±1.77 U/mg, 378.14±9.74 U/mg, 1.31±0.04 mmol/L, and 19.03±2.01 mU/L, respectively, compared with the model control group, it was significantly increased (P<0.01), and the contents of malondialdehyde, triglyceride, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly decreased (P<0.05). Conclusion: Polyphenols from Enteromorpha prolifera can effectively improve the basal metabolism of type 2 diabetic mice and repair the peroxide damage of diabetic mice, and may play a role in lowering blood sugar.