恒温热重法单颗粒煤焦燃烧动力学

引言 煤焦燃烧动力学的研究对确定燃煤特性、燃烧效率、锅炉设计及环境排放等具有重要意义与应用价值.煤焦的燃烧为典型的多孔颗粒的气固反应过程,其主要受到外扩散控制、内扩散控制和化学反应控制的影响.要研究化学反应本身对燃烧过程的影响就需要在实验设计中消除内、外扩散对燃烧过程的影响,或者通过理论或实验的定量计算将内、外扩散的影响予以扣除1-5];但是,进行理论或实验定量计算内、外扩散的影响实际是建立在经验公式的基础上,对不同体系及物料会引起难以预测的误差.一般说来,实验设计中消除内、外扩散的影响可通过减小煤粒大小和提高气流速度等方式实验确定4,5].本研究拟采用热失重分析技术,基于煤焦颗粒在热天平中燃烧反应过程的分析,寻找确定燃烧过程中已消除内、外扩散影响的化学反应控制阶段的方法,以获得煤焦颗粒燃烧过程本征化学反应常数及其简便计算方法.

Single coal particle combustion characteristics and kinetics study using thermogravimetric method under constant temperature

A thermogravimetric method under constant temperature replacing the beginning inert gas with burning air was established in this study for determining the combustion kinetics of single char particle. The combustion process of three types of coals, Fujian Longyan coal, Fujian Yong’an coal and Shandong coal, with diameter of 3.0—4.5 mm, in thermobalance under 900℃ was discussed using the familiar shrinking-core model.While the combustion of single char approached the end, the outside and the ash layer diffusion resistances tend to be zero as the reaction resistance dominated in the total resistance of combustion.Therefore, at this stage the inherent oxidation reaction constant (k_R) of the above char samples were estimated by analyzing the total resistance of combustion.The good agreement of combustion reaction rate between data determined in this study and calculated values obtained from reference in the drop tube furnace system, implied that the inherent oxidation reaction constant (k_R) determined by the thermogravimetric method under constant temperature was satisfactory and valuable. The gas diffusion through the ash layer of char particle during combustion process was discussed also. At the ash layer thickness half the char radius, the ash layer resistance in the combustion process reached a maximum value, at which the total resistance of combustion,1/K,was less than 25 s•m^-1 and would be close to the reaction resistance,1/k_C，approaching the end of combustion. So the effects of gas diffusion resistance through ash layer on char combustion process could be ignored during the whole combustion process.