艾叶提取物对黄嘌呤氧化酶的抑制作用及对高尿酸血症小鼠的降尿酸作用

以蒸馏水、无水乙醇为溶剂结合超声波辅助及传统煎煮方法对艾叶进行提取,测定各提取物总黄酮和总酚含量、自由基清除能力以及艾叶提取物对黄嘌呤氧化酶(Xanthine Oxidase,XOD)的抑制作用,并选取抑制效果较好的艾叶醇提物,利用动物实验,测定小鼠血清尿酸(UA),肌酐(Scr),尿素氮水平(BUN),肝脏XOD活性,研究艾叶提取物对高尿酸血症小鼠的降尿酸的作用。结果表明:总黄酮和总酚含量:醇提物传统法提取物水提物,清除自由基能力和抑制XOD作用:醇提物传统法提取物水提物,三种提取物对XOD的抑制作用均表现为不可逆抑制,其中传统法和醇提物对XOD的抑制类型为反竞争性抑制,水提物为混合性竞争性抑制;传统法和水提物与别嘌呤醇联合抑制作用表现为相加作用,醇提物表现为弱协同作用;艾叶醇提物对高尿酸血症小鼠的UA,Scr,BUN水平均具有降低效果,对肝脏XOD活性具有抑制作用。结论:艾叶各提取物具有较好的抑制黄嘌呤氧化酶和抗氧化作用,醇提物具有开发成为预防和治疗高尿酸血症药物的潜力。

Inhibitory Effect of Artemisia argyi Extracts on Xanthine Oxidase Activities and Their Uric Acid-lowering Effect on Hyperuricemia in Mice

The total flavonoids, total phenols, the inhibitory effect on xanthine oxidase (XOD) activities and free radical scavenging capacity of the extracts from Artemisia argyi by distilled water, anhydrous ethanol assisted with ultrasonic and traditional decoction were measured. Alcohol extract was selected to investigate the effect on hyperuricemia. Potassium oxazidate was used as the inducer for hyperuricemia mice. The mice were continuously fed for 7 days, and serum uric acid (UA), creatinine (Scr), urea nitrogen (BUN) level and liver XOD activity were measured. Results showed that the order of total flavonoids and total phenolics content of Artemisia argyi extracts was anhydrous ethanol assisted with ultrasonic method > traditional decoction method distilled > water method; the order of free radical scavenging capacity and XOD inhibitory activity was anhydrous ethanol assisted with ultrasonic method > traditional decoction method distilled > water method.The inhibition mechanism of the three extracts showed irreversible inhibition. The inhibition type of traditional and alcohol extracts effect on XOD is anti-competitive inhibition. The water extract effect on XOD is mixed inhibition. The type of associated inhibition with allopurinol of traditional and water extracts is additive effect. The alcohol extract is weak synergies. The level of UA, Scr and BUN in hyperuricemia mice decreased and the XOD activity of liver was inhibited. The Artemisia argyi extracts have better potential for XOD inhibitory effect and antioxidation. The alcohol extract may be developed to prevent and treat hyperuricemia.