易熔合金引信弹道安全的气动热力学建模仿真

为使易熔合金引信可靠延期解除保险以保证弹道安全，需要根据弹丸速度确定在安全时间和距离内引信易熔合金的熔点。以瑞士厄利空2ZLa/353式35 mm 双管自行高射炮爆破燃烧榴弹 KZVD 引信为例，从工程的角度出发，简化了外弹道，在初始弹速为1175 m/s 和误差范围为±15 m/s 的条件下，采用气动加热理论对榴弹外弹道起始阶段弹头驻点的温度进行了理论建模计算和仿真验证，通过分析相应弹速下的弹头驻点温度确定出满足安全距离要求的易熔合金熔点温度。仿真结果表明，理论计算与仿真试验确定出1160-1190 m/s 初始弹速范围内的易熔合金熔点温度的结果一致，因此可以利用该热力学模型并根据弹道安全要求来设计相应熔点的易熔合金引信，所用方法可以为高速飞行弹体的热力学研究提供参考。

Simulation of aerothermodynamics model on ballistic safety of fusible alloy fuze

In order to ensure the ballistic safety of fusible alloy fuze at reliable delay arming,melting point of fusible alloy needs to be calculated based on projectile velocity at safe time and distance.Taking shrapnel KZVD fuze of Switzerland oerlikon 2ZLa/353 35 mm double barrel self-propelled antiaircraft artillery as an example,based on the aerodynamics heating theory, the calculation of theory model and simulation of projectile head stagnation point temperature were done in initial stage of sim-plified exterior ballistic from engineering viewpoint when the initial projectile velocity was 1 1 75 m/s and the error was ±1 5 m/s.The melting point of fusible alloy in the safe distance was obtained by analyzing the temperature of projectile head stagnation point at corresponding projectile velocity.The simulated results indicate that the melting point of fusible alloy de-rived by theoretical calculation is identical with the result of simulation at the velocity range of 1 1 60 to 1 1 90 m/s.So the aero-thermodynamics model can be applied to design the fusible alloy fuze of corresponding melting point based on the requirement of safe distance.This method can be taken as the reference in studying the thermodynamic question of projectile flying at high speed.