Investigations on MCM-41 as a fume catalytic incinerator: a heptane case study |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Empa, Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland;2. ETH Zürich, Institute of Environmental Engineering, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland;1. Biomass Conversion Laboratory, Department of Energy, Tezpur University, Tezpur 784028, Assam, India;2. Department of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur 784028, Assam, India;1. Key Laboratory of Catalysis Science and Technology of Chongqing Education Commission, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China;2. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China;1. Department of Applied Chemistry, Fac. de Ciencias Químicas, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), UFI 11/56, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain;2. Materials Science Department, Metallurgical Engineering and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cádiz, E-11510 Puerto Real, Spain;3. Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Zaragoza, c/P. Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;1. Departamento de Ingeniería Geográfica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170022, Chile;2. Departamento de Ingeniería Metalúrgica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170022, Chile;3. Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170022, Chile;4. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury (Ontario) P3E 2C6, Canada |
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| Abstract: | This study shows that mesoporous MCM-41 compounds, that have hexagonal-close-packed channels, are good candidates as micro-reactors for fume catalytic incineration reactions. MCM-41 is synthesized and used as a catalyst to incinerate normal heptane (nC7) at different temperatures and equivalence ratios (ϕ). Destruction and removal efficiency (DRE, 99.99%) of heptane is achieved at 500 °C and ϕ=0.85 using MCM-41 as a catalyst compared to 73.45% under the same conditions without the catalyst. Even 99.9% DRE of heptane is achieved at 450 °C. The number and quantity of some analyzed products of incomplete combustion (PIC) are dramatically decreased when using MCM-41 material. No coke formation occurs.Under fuel-rich conditions, virtually complete consumption of oxygen molecules occurred at 450 °C when using MCM-41 compared to 75% in thermal incineration at the same conditions.While MCM-41 improves DRE at high temperature, e.g. 450 °C, it worsens it dramatically at lower ones, e.g. 300 °C. This inhibition of destruction effect depends also on the equivalence ratio of the mixture. It seems that diffusion properties and the chromatographic effect of MCM-41 channels become important at low temperatures.The enhanced DRE of heptane, upon using MCM-41, at relatively low temperatures, 450 °C, suggests that MCM-41 channels act as nano-vessels for free radical incineration reactions rather than a meter-scale incineration chamber as in the case in thermal incineration processes. |
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