CO2和甲醇直接合成碳酸二甲酯耦合脱水体系研究进展

二氧化碳和甲醇直接合成碳酸二甲酯反应受热力学平衡限制，导致反应物转化率和产物收率较低，极大地阻碍了其工业化应用。耦合脱水体系能够将反应过程中产生的水及时脱除，促进反应正向进行，进而提高产物碳酸二甲酯收率。根据耦合脱水的原理不同，主要可分为物理耦合脱水和化学耦合脱水。本文综合分析了近年来应用于该反应不同物理脱水工艺和化学脱水剂的研究进展，详细论述了不同脱水体系的脱水原理和对反应的促进作用，并对不同脱水体系的优点及局限进行了归纳和分析，提出通过优化反应工艺或设计新的反应工艺大幅降低反应体系的能耗，同时探索更加廉价、低毒且易循环利用的化学脱水剂是耦合脱水体系今后的主要发展趋势。

Progress of the coupled dehydration systems for synthesis of dimethyl carbonate from CO2 and methanol

The direct synthesis of dimethyl carbonate from carbon dioxide and methanol is limited by thermodynamic equilibrium, resulting in the lower reactant conversion and product yield, which greatly hinders its industrial application. The coupling of dehydration system can remove the water generated in the reaction process timely, and promote the reaction forward, and then improve the yield of dimethyl carbonate. According to the principle of the coupled dehydration system, it can be mainly divided into physical dehydration system and chemical dehydration system. This paper mainly reviews the recent research progress of various physical dehydration processes and chemical dehydrating agents for the synthesis of dimethyl carbonate from CO₂ and methanol. The dehydration principles of different systems and their promoting effects on the reaction are discussed in detail. The advantages and limitations of different dehydration systems are summarized and analyzed. It is proposed that the reaction process should be optimized or a new design should be made. Exploring the chemical dehydrating agents which are cheaper, less toxic and easy to recycle are the main development trend of the coupled dehydration system in future.