铜合金空洞缺陷形变演化研究探讨*

铜加工材的铸坯内部常存在气孔、缩孔等空洞缺陷，在后续加工过程中，这些空洞缺陷常演变为内部裂纹或表面缺陷，导致成品率降低。在生产过程中，可借助变形和升温来消除铸坯内部的空洞缺陷。空洞的形变闭合是消除缺陷的先决条件，因此有必要开展铜合金中空洞缺陷的形变演化研究。本文对金属空洞缺陷形变演化的研究进展进行了梳理；基于对某锡磷青铜连铸板坯内部空洞缺陷及铸态组织的观察，重点讨论了现有研究成果对于铜合金的适用性，指出了材料微观结构对空洞缺陷形变演化的潜在影响；针对当前研究在几何建模方面的难点，采用Python语言设计了含任意椭球空洞的体元模型自动建模程序。

Research and Discussion on Geometric Evolution of Inner Void Defects in Copper Alloys During Deformation

There are often cavity defects such as pores and shrinkage holes in the casting billet of copper processing materials. In the subsequent forming process, the cavity defects often evolve into internal cracks or surface defects, which reduces the yield of finished products. Deformation and high temperature can be used to eliminate the cavity defects in the casting billet. Deformation closure of the defects is the prerequisite for eliminating the defects. Therefore, it is necessary to study the geometric evolution of inner void defects in copper alloys during deformation. In this paper, the research progress of deformation evolution of metal cavity defects is discussed.Based on the observation of internal cavity defects and as-cast microstructure of a tin-phosphor bronze continuous casting slab, the applicability of existing research results to copper alloy was discussed, and the potential effect of material microstructure on deformation evolution of cavity defects was pointed out. Considering the difficulties in geometric modeling, an automatic modeling program of volume element model with arbitrary ellipsoidal void was designed in Python language.