基于希尔伯特-黄变换的地震信号时频谱分析

希尔伯特-黄变换（Hilbert—Huang Transform，HHT）是分析非线性、非稳定信号的一种新方法，能清晰地刻画地震信号的时频能量分布。首先将信号分解为有限数量的固有模态函数IMF，再对这些IMF求解瞬时频率，进而获得信号的时频谱。应用理论模型和实际地震道数据进行了试算，并与S变换谱进行了对比，证明该方法比S变换具有更好的时频域刻画能力。对实际二维地震剖面做HHT变换求得希尔伯特谱，提取分频剖面分析认为，HHT瞬时谱具有一定的油气检测能力。

Time-frequency spectral analysis of seismic data based on Hilbert-Huang transform

Seismic data are nonlinear and nonstationary signals.Hilbert Huang transform is a new method to analyze nonstationary signals.Signals are decomposed into a limited number of intrinsic mode functions.From these IMFs,instantaneous frequency was calculated,and the time frequency spectra of the signals were finally determined.We verified Hilbert Huang transform analysis on synthetic and real seismic data,and compared its results with those from S transform analysis.It is showed that Hilbert Huang transform is superior to S transform in revealing the characteristics of time frequency spectrum,and the instantaneous spectrum of Hilbert Huang transform is a good indicator of hydrocarbon accumulation.