基于城市肌理层级解读的滨水步行可达性研究——以上海市苏州河河口地区为例

滨水步行空间的营造和步行活力的激发正逐渐受到重视,而城市肌理的重塑是从汽车城市向步行城市回归的重要干预手段。研究将城市肌理形态看作具有尺度和层级连续性的有机整体,在传统的街道、地块、建筑层级之外,增加街廓层级,使线性街道与面状街廓的研究互为补充;在传统的二维形态研究之外,重视三维空间分析,包括街道断面,建筑高度等,细化步行体验的空间感受。研究以上海苏州河河口区域为对象,调研分析步行交通的现状和问题,测算统计街道、街廓、地块、建筑等层级要素的数据;然后逐层分析城市形态与河流之间的互动关系,观察下一层级对上一层级形态特征的演绎以及对步行活动的影响;最后,从步行支持出发对4个层级要素提出优化策略,并指出大尺度街廓是步行环境低下的根源,应从规划源头抓起,增加控制性详细规划在产权地块形态这一中间层面的管理和控制。

STUDY ON THE PEDESTRIAN ACCESSIBILITY OF WATERFRONT AREA BASED ON AN UNDERSTANDING OF URBAN FABRIC LEVEL: TAKING THE ESTUARY AREA OF SUZHOU RIVER IN SHANGHAI AS AN EXAMPLE

The creation of waterfront walking space and stimulation of vitality of walking activity are gradually attracting attentions.The recreation of urban fabric is an important intervention means to change the city from automobile-oriented to pedestrian-oriented.The research takes the urban fabric form as an organic whole with scale and level continuity.It not only includes three traditional levels of street,plot and building,but also adds the block level,so as to complement the linear street with the surface block.Apart from traditional twodimensional form research,special attentions are paid to three-dimensional space analysis,such as street section and building height,which can refine the walking space experience.It takes the estuary area of Suzhou River in Shanghai as the research object.Firstly,it investigates the situation and problems of pedestrian traffic,calculates the data of four levels.Secondly,it analyzes the interaction of city form and river in different levels,observing the interpretation of form characteristic and influence of walking activity by lower level to upper level.Finally,it puts forward the optimizing strategies at different levels from the view of pedestrian support.And it points out it is the large-scale block that results in the poor walking environment.Regulatory detailed planning should be enhanced to manage and control the plot form.