Gain reductions due to scatter on wireless paths with directionalantennas

The use of a directional terminal antenna on a wireless link can enhance the received power by as much as the antenna gain. In local scattering, however, the enhancement will be smaller. We call this decrement the gain reduction factor, Δ. We present a statistical model of Δ for fixed suburban paths at 1.9 GHz, based on angle-of-arrival measurements in New Jersey. Our results address the influences of antenna height, antenna beamwidth, distance, and season