新型网状加劲薄壁屋盖结构体系仿生研究

首先，对实验中获取的高清晰度蜻蜓翅膀数码图片进行细致地分析，找出了翅膀网状翅脉结构中翅脉的分布规律与尺寸变化、网格形状的差异等结构特征；然后，建立了蜻蜓翅膀平面结构模型和起拱起皱的三维空间结构模型，并利用ANSYS对其进行分析，采用三节点等参数梁元Beam189模拟翅脉和八节点等参数曲壳单元Shell 93模拟翅膜，以考虑翅脉和翅膜间的变形协调性。研究表明：三维空间结构模型中的起拱、起皱能显著提高翅膀结构的刚度和改善翅膀结构中内力的分布；如果将四、六边形的网格单元进行合理搭配，还可以使结构刚度和材料利用率得到优化。最后，基于以上研究成果，提出了三个具有不同网格分布的新型薄壁屋盖结构体系仿生模型，并对它们进行了几何非线性分析。

Studies on New-Style Reticulately Stiffening Thin-Walled Roof Systems by Bionic Modeling of a Dragonfly Hind Wing

Firstly, the high resolution picture of a dragonfly hind wing from a sample test was studied, and the unique feature of the reticulate vein stiffening wing structure was figured out; then two computational models of the wing were established, Beam 189 and Shell 93 elements in ANSYS were employed respectively in modeling of the veins and the membrane to ensure the compatibility between the veins and the membrane at a deformed state. It is shown that the cambered corrugation in the wing structure can improve the wing flexural stiffness and optimize the stress distribution in its veins and membrane effectively;and properly arranging tetragon grids and hexagon grids in hybrid models can realize a balance between the economical material consumption and stiffness improvement. Finally, three new-style reticulately stiffening thin-walled roof systems with different grid forms and grids arrangement were proposed, and their superior structural performances were illuminated.