基于直流风电机组的风电全直流输电系统设计综述

随着海上风电场远海化、大规模大容量化发展,由直流风电机组构建的风电全直流输电系统,凭借其可以避免使用笨重的工频交流变压器,解决因交流电缆导致的无功充电电流问题等特点,已成为海上风力发电技术研究的热点之一。文中首先根据升压方式的不同将风电全直流输电系统方案分为升压装置升压型和串联升压型两大类；其次根据系统结构的不同,进一步将升压装置升压型系统方案分为集中升压型、两级升压型、机端升压型升压站直流并联型以及升压站直流串联型五种系统方案,将串联升压型系统方案分为直接串联型、串-并联型、并-串联型以及矩阵型四种系统方案；然后介绍了各种方案的系统结构及其优缺点,并对各种方案的特点进行了分析与比较,结合各种方案特点指出其适用场景；最后就目前风电全直流输电系统研究存在的主要问题及发展趋势进行了总结与展望。

Overview of wind power All-DC transmission system design based on DC wind turbine

With the development of offshore wind farm, large-scale and large-capacity, the wind power All-DC transmission system constructed by DC wind turbine has become one of the hotspots of offshore wind power generation technology because it can avoid the use of bulky power frequency AC transformer and solve the problem of reactive charging current caused by AC cable. Firstly, according to the different boost methods, the schemes of wind power All-DC transmission system are divided into two categories: boost device boost type and series boost type; Secondly, according to the different system structures, the boost type system scheme of the boost device is further divided into five system schemes: centralized boost type, two-stage boost type, machine end boost type, DC parallel type of the booster station and DC series type of the booster station. The series boost type system scheme is divided into four system schemes: direct series type, series-parallel type, parallel-series type and matrix type; Then it introduces the system structure, advantages and disadvantages of various schemes, analyzes and compares the characteristics of various schemes, and points out their application scenarios combined with the characteristics of various schemes; Finally, the main problems and development trend of wind power All-DC transmission system are summarized and prospected.