基于作物水分生产函数下的限额灌溉制度优化研究

通过对小麦、玉米、棉花等主要农作物的分阶段受旱试验，获得了三年的限额灌溉试验观测数据；采用非充分灌溉条件下的土壤水分运动理论分析试验数据，建立了限额灌溉条件下的作物蒸发蒸腾模型。结合试验数据分析水分亏缺对作物产量的影响，采用多元回归分析法求解水分生产函数模型参数。采用动态规划法研究了水资源不足条件下的限额灌溉制度的多阶段优化法。研究成果表明，在产量能达到充分灌溉条件下产量的90％的情况下，可节约灌溉用水40％，能为水资源极其短缺地区的农业高效用水提供有力的技术支撑。

Study on optimization of limited irrigation system based on crop water production function

Based on the observation made on the main crops such as wheat,corn,cotton etc.,the observed data from the limited irrigation test for three years are obtained,and then the test data are analyzed with the theory of soil moisture movement and the model of farm crop's evaporation is established under the condition of insufficient irrigation.The influence from moisture deficit on the crops is analyzed with the test data,and the parameters for the model of the function of moisture production are deduced with the method of multiple regression analysis.Furthermore,the multi-phase optimization of the limited irrigation system is studied with the dynamic programming method.The study demonstrates that 40% of irrigation water can be saved under the condition of the crop output reaches 90% of that under the sufficient irrigation;which can provide a powerful technical support to agricultural efficient water use for the regions under the condition of water shortage.