禽蛋表面细菌污染及影响因素的调查分析

目的检测养殖场的禽蛋受细菌污染的情况,调查分析禽蛋表面细菌污染的主要影响因素。方法根据GB 4789.2-2010食品安全国家标准食品微生物学检验菌落总数测定对饲养场的蛋壳表面、饲料、垫草中的细菌菌落总数进行测定,采用沉降法测定饲养场空气中的细菌数,并进行统计分析。结果饲养场鸡蛋和鸭蛋表面的细菌菌落总数分别达到4~6和6~7个数量级,且饲养场的空气、饲料以及垫草中的细菌数越多,从蛋壳表面检测出来的细菌数也越多。结论养殖场的禽蛋均受到不同程度的细菌污染,且饲养场的空气、饲料、垫草是造成禽蛋表面细菌污染的主要原因,禽蛋生产过程中卫生管理非常重要。

Diagnoses of the bacteria contamination and influencing factors on eggs surface

Objective To detect the bacteria contamination of eggs from feedlot and analyze the major effect factors. Methods The aerobic bacterial count of eggshell, feed and litter from feedlot was measured by GB 4789.2-2010, and the bacterial count in the air was measured by settlement method. Statistical analysis was applied. Results The aerobic bacterial count of eggshell from poultry farm and duck farm was 4~6 and 6~7 orders of magnitude, respectively. The bacterial count from eggshell increased with the air, feed and litter. Conclusion The eggs from feedlot have been varying degrees of bacteria pollution, and the bacterial contamination on the surface of the eggshells was mainly caused by the quality of the air, feed and litter in feedlot.KEY WORDS: eggshells surface; feed; the aerobic bacterial count