On the dark currents in germanium Schottky-barrier photodetectors

It is shown that for experimentally observed values of Schottky-barrier height of metal-n-type germanium photodetector structures, the dominant component of dark current can be due to the injection of minority carriers, rather than to the usual majority-carrier component. For barrier heights approaching 0.6 eV, for doping concentrationsN_{d} lsim 10^{15}cm^-3, for short minority-carrier lifetimetau_{p} lsim 1µs, for narrow base widthW_{b} lsim 10µm, or combinations of these conditions, the minority-carrier injection ratio approaches unity and these devices behave in the same way as p⁺-n junctions, with identical dark currents. The low-temperature fabrication requirements and processing simplicity of germanium Schottky barriers makes these devices more attractive under these conditions than germanium p-n junction photodetectors.