磷钼酸铵/聚丙烯酸复合凝胶吸附剂的 合成及对铯的分离

以丙烯酸为基底合成了磷钼酸铵/聚丙烯酸复合吸附剂(AMP-PA)。采用红外光谱（FTIR）、X射线衍射（XRD）等方法对AMP-PA进行表征。研究了振荡时间、酸度、Cs⁺ 浓度对铯吸附的影响，及多种离子存在下吸附剂对铯离子的选择性吸附。静态实验结果表明：AMP-PA吸附铯大约5 h达到平衡；HNO₃浓度在0~3.0 mol/L范围内对铯的吸附量影响不大，吸附过程符合Langmuir方程，计算得到的最大吸附量达到4.7 mg/g；采用3.0 mol/L NH₄Cl+1.0 mol/L HNO₃解吸，解吸率大约为70%；多种离子存在下对铯离子具有选择性吸附。动态柱实验发现，AMP-PA对铯的吸附量为4.32 mg/g，解吸率约为50.4%。在高浓度杂质离子Na⁺、K⁺、Sr²⁺、Co²⁺、Fe³⁺、Zn²⁺、Ca²⁺存在下，AMP-PA柱可以选择性分离铯，在铯的淋洗液中Co²⁺低于检测限，含量最高的Fe³⁺分离因子为3，浓度比起始浓度降低四个数量级。

Synthesis of Ammonium Phosphomolybdate/Polyacrylic Acid Composite Gel Adsorbent and Separation of Cesium

Ammonium phosphomolybdate/polyacrylic acid composite adsorbent(AMP-PA) was synthesized. The AMP-PA was characterized by FTIR and XRD. The effect of contact time, nitrate acid concentration, Cs⁺ concentration and co-existing cations was studied by batch experiments. The static experiment results show that the equilibrium of cesium adsorption at AMP-PA is about 5 hours. The concentration of HNO₃ has little effect on the adsorption amount of cesium in the range of 0-3.0 mol/L. The adsorption process can be described by Langmuir equation, and the calculated adsorption capacity reaches 4.7 mg/g. The desorption rate is about 70% using 3.0 mol/L NH₄Cl+1.0 mol/L HNO₃. Cesium ions can be selectively adsorbed in the presence of foreign cations. The column operations show that cesium adsorption capacity on AMP-PA is 4.32 mg/g, and the desorption rate is about 50.4%. Cesium can be selectively extracted in the presence of Na⁺, K⁺, Sr²⁺, Co²⁺, Fe³⁺, Zn²⁺, and Ca²⁺. In the leaching solution of cesium, the concentration of Co²⁺ is lower than detection concentration. The concentration of Fe³⁺ is the highest among the foreign cations, which separation factor is about 3, and is four orders of magnitude lower than the initial concentration.