剪力墙竖向不连续结构的震害与抗震设计概念

介绍在1971年美国圣费南多地震、1979年美国ElCentro地震、1995年日本阪神地震中,5个有代表性的剪力墙竖向不连续结构的震害。通过分析提出这种结构的一些抗震设计概念:部分框支剪力墙结构上部楼层的剪力墙仅部分在底部中断,转换为框架,有足够的剪力墙连续贯通落地,如设计合理,其抗震性能比较好,但如设计不当,仍难免发生严重或比较严重的震害;部分框支剪力墙结构抗震设计中需要加强的部位应包括底部及转换层以上1～2层的楼板、剪力墙和柱,结构的延性耗能机制宜呈现在加强部位以上的结构中;框架-剪力墙结构中的剪力墙一般不宜中断;框支柱设计中要注意上部刚性墙体地震倾覆力矩产生的框支柱轴向拉、压力的影响。

Earthquake damages and design concepts of structures with vertical discontinuous shear walls

Five structures with vertical discontinuous shear walls damaged in 1 971 San Fernando earthquake, 1979 El Centro earthquake and 1995 Hanshen earthqua ke were studied. Some aseismic design concepts were provided. Structures with ve rtical discontinuous shear walls, namely shear walls supported on frames, will h ave good performance under earthquake if they have enough amount of properly loc ated continuous shear walls, otherwise severe damage or serious accident may occ ur. For shear wall structure partially supported by frames, the slabs, walls and columns below and around the transfer floor should be strengthened. The positio n of hinges for dissipating energy mechanism should be appeared at upper part of the structure. Discontinuous shear walls are not recommanded to be used in fram e-shear wall structures. The compression and tension in columns of supporting f rame caused by overturning moment of the supported rigid walls above should be e mphasized in the design procedure.