枪钻与麻花钻加工质量的对比研究

利用台式钻床和深孔加工机床分别对常用Q235钢、45钢和铝材进行孔加工试验。通过对孔表面质量的观测和粗糙度的检测,对比研究上述两种加工方法的表面质量。结果表明:麻花钻加工材料越软孔口毛刺越明显,枪钻加工软硬材料的孔口部都呈平整无毛刺。一般条件下,枪钻加工铝合金有色金属材料的孔表面粗糙度值Ra为0.9μm左右,麻花钻为1.6μm左右;枪钻加工碳钢材料孔的表面粗糙度值Ra为1.8μm左右,麻花钻孔的表面粗糙度值Ra9.6-5.6μm;对于不同硬度的碳钢,麻花钻加工孔质量变化明显,一般硬度高的质量较好,枪钻则变化不显著;相比有色金属,麻花钻及枪钻加工孔的质量都优于碳钢。

Experimental Research and Comparative on Processing Contrast of Gun Drill and Twist Drill

The experiments of holes machining for Q235 steel,45 steel and aluminum material by bench drill in ganddeep boring machining are conducted.Comparing surface quality of the two methods by observing the hole surface quality and testing the roughness.The results indicate that the softer material is the more obvious burr by twist drill processing,but there is no burr and smooth in the porthole processed by gun drill.General speaking,the hole surface roughness(Ra) of aluminum alloy processed by gun drill is about 0.9μ m and 1.6μm by twist drill;the hole surface roughness (Ra) of carbon steel material processed by gun drill is about 1.8μ m and 9.6-5.6μm by twist drill.The hole quality processed by twist drill changed obviously while processing carbon steel and the hole quality is better when processing carbon steel in high hardness,but the hole quality processed by gun drill had no obvious changes.The hole quality of twist drill and gun drill in nonferrous metal is better than in carbon steel.