我国西部大开发中的灾害与环境问题

中国西部地区是水旱灾害频发的地区 ,长期以来经济发展滞后 ,人口不断增长 ,给生态环境造成了极大的压力 .西北地区生态极其脆弱 ,西南地区又是我国生物多样性最丰富的区域 .在西部大开发过程中 ,保护和改善生态环境 ,减少水旱灾害损失十分迫切而重要 .文章在分析我国西部地区水旱灾害及生态基本特征的基础上 ,提出了西部大开发中必须遵循的保障可持续发展的原则 :加强国土综合整治 ,制止不合理的人类活动 ;调整产业结构 ,减少经济活动对生态环境的压力 ;对西北地区的人口及耗水量实行总量控制 ;对向西北地区的跨流域调水持慎重态度 ;西南的水电开发应优先于西北的石油开发 .

Natural Disasters and Ecological Environment in Western China Development

In Western China floods and droughts occur frequently.Because of the lag of economic development and the pressure of increasing population on the environment,the ecosystem is extremely weak in the Northwest Region;the Southwest Region is a one of the regions of biological diversity in China.In the great development,it is necessary and urgent to protect and to improve ecological environment,and to reduce the losses caused by flood and drought disasters.Based on the analysis of the basic characteristics of flood and drought disasters in West China specific principles are proposed sustainable development,which must be observed in the great development of Western China.