A Novel Preparation Method for Foamed Silica Ceramics by Sol-Gel Reaction and Mechanical Foaming

A simple method for obtaining silica foam has been developed by combining sol-gel reaction and mechanical foaming without added organic pore formers, in order to reduce generation of CO₂ and harmful gases by decomposition of the organic compounds. The silica foam was prepared by mechanically foaming the silica sol and controlling the viscosity change and gelling. The gelation time of the silica sol can be varied from 10 minutes to 3 hours by changing the pH, temperature and concentration of the surfactant added as a foam stabilizer. The dried silica gel foam was calcined at 600°C then fired at 1000°C to obtain sintered silica foam. The porosity and average pore size of the silica foam was 84% and 140 m, respectively. The bending strength and gas permeability of the sintered silica foam was 2.4 MPa and 9.4 × 10^–11 m², respectively.