地震水平分辨力研究与应用

地震分辨力一直是地震勘探研究的主要问题之一。与垂直分辨力相比，关于水平分辨力的研究和应用尚未引起人们足够的重视。通过对水平分辨力概念和前人关于水平分辨力定量估算方法的研究，讨论了三维偏移剖面的水平分辨力范围应当在λｈ／２和λ／２之间。与此同时，通过对一系列实例的分析，认为在垂直分辨力不足的条件下，当地质体水平展布范围足够大，或者沿某一方向的延伸足够大，以至于超出地震水平分辨力的限制时，综合利用各种地震属性和可视化显示技术确定地质体的平面展布范围是可能的。重视和加强地震水平分辨力的研究和应用对于未来地震勘探野外采集设计，地震资料质量评价，低幅构造识别，含油气检测，薄层砂体预测，河道、断裂、裂缝和溶洞的识别，以及地震油藏动态监测等具有重要的理论价值和现实意义。

Study and application of seismic horizontal resolution

Seismic resolution is always the key issue in seismic exploration. Study and application of horizontal resolution have not been paid much attention compared to that of vertical resolution. By studying of the concept of horizontal resolution and computation methods available, the author discussed the horizontal resolution of 3-D migration section which should be in the range between /2 and λ/2. Meanwhile, A series of examples were taken to show that it is possible to detect the areal range of geologic body by using various seismic attributes and visualization display technique when the geologic body spreads out large enough in plane or any direction so that it exceeds the limit of seismic horizontal resolution. It has important theoretical value and practical significance to pay attention to and enhance the study and application of horizontal resolution for design of seismic acquisition program, quality appraisal of seismic data, interpretation of low relief structural interpretation, detection of hydrocarbon potentials, prediction of thin sandstone reservoir, identification of underground river deposits, faults, fractures and caves, as well as seismic monitoring of reservoir performance.