牙哈原油综合评价

介绍了对牙哈原油进行的综合评价。结果表明:该原油的特点是密度小(849.9 kg/m3),轻质油收率高,且质量好,初馏点～145℃馏分是理想的重整原料,初馏点～180℃是较理想的汽油调合组分,也是优良的乙烯裂解原料,初馏点～350℃收率72.17%,加工时应严格控制比例,比例过高,常压塔的汽相负荷大,会影响常减压装置的稳定操作和安全生产。牙哈原油重整原料的收率较高,砷、氯,硫含量低,腐蚀合格。牙哈原油芳烃潜含量较高,重整加工时芳烃收率指数高达73.51%,是较理想的重整原料。牙哈原油喷气燃料组分加工前应针对碱性氮小的情况采取白土精制,保证航空煤油颜色的稳定性。240～300℃,300～350℃两段组分是较理想的柴油馏分,但必须经过加氢或碱洗精制,240～300℃是调合低凝柴油的优质组分。其减压蜡油作为润滑油馏分粘度指数大,黏温性能好,酸值小,芳烃含量较低,适合作生产高黏度指数润滑油的基础油,也是较好的催化裂解原料,大于520℃的减压渣油收率低,应与其他渣油掺炼,没有单独深加工的必要。

Evaluation of Yaha crude oil

The evaluation of Yaha crude oil demonstrates that the crude is a high-quality and low-density （849.9 kg/m3 ） crude with high light oil yield, whose IBP-145 ℃ fraction is desirable feedstock for continu- ous catalytic reforming （CCR） and whose IBP-180 ℃ fraction is a satisfactory gasoline blending component as well as excellent ethylene cracker feed. The yield of IBP-350 ℃ fraction is 76.55%. When the crude oil is being processed, the percentage in the feed should be strictly controlled. The higher percentage will increase the gas phase load of the atmospheric tower and affect the stable safe unit operation. The yield of fraction for CCR feed of Yaha crude is higher and contents of Ar, C1 and S are low. The sulfur corrosion is within specifi- cation. In addition, Yaha crude oil contains higher amount of potential aromatics and the aromatic yield in cat- alytic reforming is as high as 73.51%, which is a satisfactory feedstock for CCR. The jet fuel from Yaha crude shall be treated by white clay to improve the color and stability because of lower alkaline ammonia. The 240- 300 ℃ and 300-350 ℃ fractions are desirable diesel fractions, and these two fractions need to be hydrotreated or treated by caustic washing. The 240-300 ℃ fraction is excellent diesel blending component for low freezing point diesel production. The vacuum gas oil, which is high in viscosity index, good in temperature perform- ance, low in acid value and low in aromatics, is a good base oil for production of high viscosity index lube oil and is also a good feedstock for FCCU. The vacuum residue of higher than 520 ℃ temperature, whose yield is low, can be blended with other residues for processing, and there is no need for separate upgrading.