事故工况下主控室应急新风系统碘吸附器性能试验研究

为了研究在一次事故期间主控室应急新风系统碘吸附器的效率变化情况,开展了浸渍活性炭的中毒老化试验、碘吸附器辐照试验和活性炭效率变化试验,通过综合各种试验因素,以制得的初始效率为99.90%、99.97%、99.98%三种炭样分别在温度70 ℃±1 ℃、相对湿度40%±2%和温度44 ℃±1 ℃、相对湿度95%±1.5%条件下开展了长时间的过滤效率变化试验。综合各项试验结果得出,浸渍活性炭存在自然老化现象,乙酸等物质会加速活性炭的中毒老化;辐照对浸渍活性炭的过滤效率无影响;在严重事故工况下,主控室应急新风系统碘吸附器的过滤效率在168 h 内没有下降。

Performance study of iodine adsorbers used in emergency fresh air systems of main control rooms under severe accident conditions

In order to study the efficiency variation of iodine adsorbers used in main control rooms under accident conditions, poisoning, aging, irradiation, and efficiency variation experiments of impregnated activated carbon were carried out. Basing on combination of various experimental factors, long-term efficiency variation tests were designed and carried out under two condition sets of (70±1) ℃ temperature with (40±2)% relative humidity, and (44±1) ℃ temperature with (95±1.5)% relative humidity, using three kinds of activated carbon samples with initial efficiencies of 99.90%, 99.97%, and 99.98%. Experimental results showed natural aging phenomena in activated carbon samples, and acetic acid and other substances could accelerate the aging process of activated carbon. Irradiation had no effect on the efficiency of impregnated activated carbon to remove radioactive methyl iodide. Under severe accident conditions, the efficiencies of activated carbon samples had no decrease within 168 hours.