基于SPS法B4C/6061Al中子吸收复合材料组织及性能

B₄C中B的同位素¹⁰B具有较大的热中子吸收截面，是良好的中子吸收体。采用放电等离子烧结法（SPS）制备了B₄C体积分数为10%~40%的B₄C/6061Al中子吸收复合材料，对B₄C/6061Al中子吸收复合材料的微观组织形貌及物相组成进行了观察分析，并测试了其拉伸性能。结果表明：B₄C颗粒均匀地分布在6061Al基体中，颗粒尖端放电产生的等离子体能够促进B₄C颗粒/6061Al基体界面结合，材料内部的物相主要有Al、B₄C、AlB₂和Al₃BC。随着B₄C体积分数的增加，B₄C/6061Al中子吸收复合材料的致密度降低，抗拉强度先增加后降低，断裂机制主要为6061Al基体及B₄C颗粒/6061Al基体界面的撕裂。

Microstructure and mechanical properties of B4C/6061Al neutron absorber composites prepared by SPS

The ¹⁰B isotope of B in B₄C which has high thermal neutron absorption cross-section is a great neutron absorber. B₄C/6061Al composites with the B₄C volume fractions of 10%-40% were fabricated by spark plasma sintering(SPS), the microstructure and phase composition of B₄C/6061Al neutron absorber composites (B₄C/6061Al) were analyzed and the tensile property of B₄C/6061Al was measured. The results show that B₄C particles distribute relatively homogeneously in 6061Al matrix, plasma generated by microscopic electrical discharge between the particles can improve the interfacial bonding of B₄C particle/6061Al matrix, the phases of composites are mainly Al, B₄C, AlB₂ and Al₃BC. With the increase of B₄C volume fractions, the relative density of B₄C/6061Al decreases and the tensile strength first increases and then decreases, the fracture mechanism is mainly the tear of 6061Al matrix and the B₄C particle/6061Al matrix interface.