放射性废物处置安全全过程系统分析及有关问题的探讨

本文根据IAEA第SSG-23号安全导则,对放射性废物处置安全全过程系统分析及其在英国、法国、美国、芬兰、瑞士、瑞典等国家放射性废物处置中的应用情况作了概括性的介绍。结合我国放射性废物处置管理的现状,对我国处置场的环境影响评价和安全分析中存在的主要问题进行了探讨。为促进我国安全全过程系统分析工作的全面开展,建议加快制定相关标准,将“安全全过程系统分析”作为我国放射性废物处置的许可条件,在景象开发、长期演变、坚稳性、不确定性、管理系统等方面加强研究。

Discussion on the safety case and related issues for the disposal of radioactive waste

Based on the IAEA safety standards series No. SSG-23, the safety case for the disposal of radioactive waste and its application in the UK, France, the USA, Finland, Switzerland and Sweden were briefly introduced in this article. Combining with the management status quo of the disposal of radioactive waste in China, the main issues in current environmental impact assessment and safety analysis of disposal sites were discussed. In order to promote all-round development of safety case in China, it was suggested that relevant standards should be developed as soon as possible, safety case should be required as a condition to get the license for radioactive waste disposal, and research emphasis should be put on scenario development, long-term variations, robustness, uncertainty and management system.