新型干法工艺制备阳离子淀粉的研究

采用经过改装的挤压反应器作为干法反应装置,以玉米淀粉为原料,以3-氯-2-羟丙基氯化铵(CTA)为醚化剂制备阳离子淀粉。通过单因素试验研究了醚化剂添加量、NaOH添加量、含水量、挤压反应器温度、转速等因素对取代度和反应效率的影响;通过正交试验确定出新型干法制备阳离子淀粉的最佳工艺参数为:醚化剂添加量为5%,NaOH与醚化剂物质的量比为2∶1,水分含量为20%,挤压反应器温度为130℃,转速为400 r/min。研究结果表明,采用改进后挤压反应器制备阳离子淀粉是一种高效、连续、节能的新型干法工艺。

Study on Preparation of Cationic Starch by a New Dry Process

The technology of cationic starch produced by new dry production processs was introduced.In this experi ment,the efficient mixer was independent researched and the extruder was independent modified.This experiment used the machine preparing cationic starch by 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride(CTA) in the alkali medium and the corn starch was used to the raw materials under the conditions of high temperature,high pressure and high shear forces.Through single-factor and orthogonal experiments,influences of some factors including addition amount of CTA,addition amount of NaOH,moisture content,barrel temperature and screw speed on the degree of substitution and reaction efficiency were studied.The optimum conditions of the new dry process of Cationic Starch Preparation were obtained by orthogonal designs: the addition amount of GTA 5%,the molar ratio of NaOH to GTA 2∶1,the moisture content 20%,the barrel temperature 130 ℃,the screw speed 400 r/min.This study suggested that preparation of cationic starch by the improved extruder was a new dry process which was high-efficient,continuous and low energy consumption.