利用粒子群优化的WSN环状簇路由协议

针对无线传感器网络(WSN)中采用多跳分簇算法所带来的能耗不均衡问题,提出了一种利用粒子群优化的环状簇路由协议. 该协议采用粒子群算法将整个网络划分成间隔不等的同心圆,在各环内再分成若干扇区作为簇首选举的基本单位. 在每个扇区内,各节点根据到扇区中心的距离剩余能量来竞选簇首. 同时引入能级的概念,在很大程度上克服了簇首轮换速度过快造成网络开销过大以及轮换速度过慢造成单个节点过早死亡的缺点. 仿真结果表明,该协议有效地均衡了各环间的能耗,延长了网络寿命.

A Ring-Based Clustering Routing Protocol for WSN Using Particle Swarm Optimization

In order to solve the uneven energy consumption caused by typical clustering routing using multi-hop transmission in wireless sensor networks(WSN), a ring-based clustering routing protocol for WSN using particle swarm optimization is proposed. The entire region is divided into a number of concentric circles with different intervals. Each ring contains many sectors regarded as the basic unit for cluster head selection. And each node runs for cluster head according to the distance to the center of sector and its residual energy. Meanwhile, the energy level mechanism is introduced to overcome the weaknesses that the network overhead is too large when the cluster head rotation speed is too fast and a single node dies prematurely when the cluster head rotation speed is too slow. Simulation shows that this protocol can effectively balance the energy consumption among the rings, and extend the network lifetime.