黄河区用水指标分析与评价

黄河区是典型的资源型缺水地区,黄河是西北和华北地区的重要水源。合理、高效用水对于提高水资源承载力和持续利用黄河水资源具有积极的现实意义。采用全国水资源综合规划调查评价成果,选择常用的用水指标进行纵向、横向对比分析。结果表明:黄河区用水水平和用水效率较以往有较大提高,但仍然还比较低;流域内用水水平和用水效率不平衡;农业用水指标偏高,既与其特殊的气候条件和下垫面因素有关,也与该区较为普遍的粗放灌溉方式有关。

Assessment on water use index in the Yellow River Region

The Yellow River Region is a remarkably region with serious of water shortage;meanwhile,the water in the Yellow River is the main water source for the Northwest China and the North China.Therefore,reasonable and efficient water use is quite important for the sustainable development in this region.Some general water use indices have been selected to analyze the water use from 1980 to 2000 in the Yellow River Region according to the National Integrated Water Resources Planning.The main conclusions include: 1)water use level and water use efficiency in the Yellow River Region have been much improved than before,but are still in a lower level;2)water use level and water use efficiency are quite different in the different sub-regions of the Yellow River Region;3)agricultural water use index is high in this region,the main reasons lie both on the special climatic conditions,and the underlying surface situation,and on the extensive cultivation in this region.