多官能度水性光敏聚氨酯丙烯酸酯的合成及性能研究

用异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、丙三醇、聚四氢呋喃醚二醇(PTMG)、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯(DMPA)、季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯(PETA)等原料合成了具有高交联度的多官能度紫外光固化聚氨酯丙烯酸酯(PUA)水乳液。采用国标GB12009.4—89,FT-IR,13C NMR,DMA,AFM等方法对PUA预聚体合成过程和聚合物乳液(涂膜)进行了测试和表征,考察了n(IPDI)∶n(HO—OH)∶n(丙三醇)、DMPA质量分数、pH值等对乳液及涂膜性能的影响。结果表明,随着丙三醇质量分数增大,PUA光固化速率、耐溶剂性、膜硬度提高、吸水率降低;随着DMPA质量分数的增加,PUA涂膜硬度、吸水率增强,乳胶粒径越来越小;随着中和度增大,乳液逐渐由云雾状趋向透明,粘度下降。当n(IPDI)∶n(HO—OH)∶n(丙三醇)=9∶6∶1,w(丙三醇)=2%左右,DMPA质量分数为4.6%,中和度为90%时,乳液储存稳定(30 d),涂膜光固化速率达到7 s,附着力为1,硬度为3 H,耐水性、耐化学品性更佳。

Study on synthesis and properties of multifunctional waterborne UV-curing polyurethane acrylate

The multifunctional waterborne UV-curing polyurethane acrylate emulsion was synthesized from isophorone diisocyanate(IPDI),glycerol poly(tetramethyleneglycol)(PTMG),dimethylol propionicacid(DMPA),pentaerythritol triacrylate(PETA).The formation and synthetic process of PUA oligomer was monitored by GB12009.4—89-B,and the polymer was characterized by means of infrared spectrum(FT-IR),carbon-13 nuclear resonance magnetic spectrometry(13C NMR),dynamic mechanical analysis(DMA),atomic force microscope(AFM).The ratio of —NCO,HO—OH and glycerol,the mass fraction of DMPA,and pH for the impact of these emulsions or coatings were investigated,the result showed:with the mass fraction glycerol increased,the photo-curing rate of the multifunctional waterborne UV-curing PUA,film solvent resistant property and hardness were improved,and the water absorption was reduced.Film hardness and water absorption were reinforced and latex particle size has been smaller with the mass fraction DMPA increased;with the neutralization increased,PUA emulsions were changed from cloudy to transparent,and the viscosity decreased gradually.The emulsion storage stability was good(30 days),the photo-curing rate,the adhesion and the hardness were respectively up to 7 s,1 and 3 H,and the film was more excellent water resistance and chemical resistance nature when the ratio of —NCO,HO—OH and glycerol was 9 ∶6 ∶1,the mass fraction of glycerol was about 2%,the mass fraction of DMPA was 4.6%,the neutralization was 90%.