上海城市交通政策的顶层设计思考

首先分析了城市交通与城市发展及可持续发展的关系,指出包括城市规划和城市交通规划内的城市管理能力是实现人们享受较高的城市交通方便性(城市机动性的提高),同时避免城市交通的外部性及对城市环境和全球气候环境的影响的重要因素。正是由于有比较明确的城市交通政策导向,面临城市快速经济发展和城市面积的扩展,与国内一些曾经希望适应小汽车发展的城市相比,上海城市交通状况和城市环境质量具有明显的优势。为此,对上海的城市交通政策的作用进行了系统的分析,指出在新的发展形势下一些曾经十分有效的政策其作用正在降低,人们必须对上海城市交通政策的顶层设计进行调整,将上海建设成为世界绿色城市交通之都

Superstructure Design for Shanghai's Urban Transport Policy

The paper analyzes the fundamental relationship between urban transport and sustainable urban development in China’ s fast urbanizing context.It points to the importance of urban management capacity to ensure people’ s enjoyment of convenience and mobility without exerting negative externalities on physical environment,public health and global climate change.It is evident that urban planning and urban comprehensive transport management is the key components of urban management capacity.Compared with other mega cities in China such as Beijing,Guangzhou and Shenzhen,the performance of Shanghai’ s urban transport system is superior in terms of quality of service and environmental impacts. This was achieved because Shanghai has maintained a clear urban transport policy orientation for more than 20 years,given the rapid economic development, fast urban expansion and continued rise in personal incomes.There has been consensus among all stakeholders involved in urban transport planning,management and infrastructure construction that Shanghai cannot afford endless growth of car ownership and superstructure of urban transport policy must be designed to limit the widespread car useage.The introduction of parking space control and motor vehicle plate bidding are accompanied by the improvement of public transport system, including extention of metro networks.However,as conditions change,for example,shifting of development focus from central city to suburban area,effectiveness of existing policies may decline while suburban areas will play a more important role in urban sustainability development.Therefore,we must revise or fine tune the superstructure design of Shanghai’s urban transport policy to build it into a world-class green urban transport capital.