木质纤维素甲酸预处理及其组分分离

以玉米芯为研究对象，提出了常压中温条件下甲酸预处理木质纤维素组分分离的工艺. 在该体系中半纤维素迅速发生水解，大部分木质素被溶解，而纤维素基本不发生水解，经固液分离和甲酸回收实现了玉米芯全组分分离. 考察了预处理温度、时间和甲酸浓度对玉米芯各组分分离效果及水解产物(可溶性糖)含量的影响规律，结果表明，随着反应的进行，甲酸溶液中可溶性糖和木质素量先迅速增大，随后趋于平衡；在50~75℃间对各组分分离的影响不明显. 综合考虑分离效果和成本，选择最佳反应温度为60℃，处理时间为3 h，甲酸浓度为88%(w). 在该条件下，纤维素、半纤维素和木质素回收率分别可达91.4%, 88.5%和63.7%.

Fractionation of Lignocellulose by Formic Acid Pretreatment

Based on corn cobs, a pretreatment process in modest conditions (atmospheric pressure and moderate reaction temperature) was designed to fractionate lignocellulose by using formic acid. During the pretreatment, the hemicellulose was hydrolyzed quickly and most of the lignin was dissolved in the solution, but the cellulose almost could not be hydrolyzed. After solid-liquid separation and reagent recycling, corn cobs were separated into cellulose, hemicellulose hydrolysates and lignin. The effects of reaction...