面向产品创新的功能空间拓展进程

在基于功能－效应－原理解映射的概念设计研究中，建立功能和效应特征模型，通过引入变体功能和物理量，揭示变体功能在产品功能设计中的桥梁作用，使得功能域在功能设计过程中逐渐分层扩大。系统地提出基于目的功能变异和效应物理量推理的功能空间拓展策略，从而实现从基体功能到物理量的一对多的映射。在此基础上构筑一种由基体功能层、变体功能层、效应层和物理量层构成的四层次、三阶段功能空间拓展进程模式：基于目的功能变异的功能空间拓展、变体功能向效应的拓展以及基于效应物理量推理的功能空间拓展。研制一套相应的计算机辅助功能设计软件平台，并以两栖车辆减阻装置的功能设计为例进行验证。结果表明，基于该模型通过实现功能分层次系统拓展，实现产品功能和概念解的方法学拓展和系统学创新，从而增加产品创新的机会。

Functional Space Expansion Process for Product Innovation

A generic function and an effect feature model are proposed in the research of conceptual design based on the mapping process of function-effect-solution. A derivative function and physical parameters are then introduced, which disclose that the derivative function is a bridge in the functional space expansion. To realize the one-to-more mapping process of product function, functional field expanses layer by layer. The strategy expansion of functional space based on the variation of original aim function, the strategy of expansion from derivative functions to effects, and the strategy of functional space expansion based on physical quantities reasoning from effects are put forward respectively. The process of functional space expansion with three phases is then discussed in detail, which includes four layers: original function layer, derivative function layer, effect layer and physical parameter layer. The process of functional space expansion is treated as a three-step process, first transforming original function to derivative functions, and then mapping these derivative functions into effects, and at last expansion from these effects to physical quantities space. A computer aided functional design software platform is then developed. The functional design of new devices for decreasing resistance of amphibious vehicles is given as an example, which demonstrates that the methodology is obviously helpful to realizing the methodology expansion and system innovation of product functions and concepts, thus increasing opportunities for product innovation in conceptual design.