放宽长度量精密测量环境温度条件的探讨

在长度精密测量中,测量环境温度因素引起的热变形误差,在仪器总误差中占很大比重,必须加以修正。在传统的方法中,一般是提出较为严格苛刻的测量环境温度控制条件来减轻或消除温度误差的影响。但这在很大程度上局限了仪器的使用范围,给用户很多不便。近几年国外很多精密测长仪器都将测量环境温度放宽到+15℃～+25℃、+15℃～+35℃甚至+10℃～+40℃。文中探讨温度误差修正的理论依据,提出一套在特定条件下可行的环境温度控制条件及温度误差修正方法。

Study on widening the temperature condition of environment in length precision measurement

It is a bigger proportion in total instrument error for environment temperature to lead to thermal deformation error in length precision measurement. In traditional method, we usually decrease or eliminate thermal deformation error through strictly controlling environment temperature. But this limits instrument＇s usage greatly and it brings user a lot of unconvenience. In recent years the environmental temperature is widened ＋15℃～＋25℃、＋15℃～＋35℃ up to ＋10℃～＋40℃ in u sage for many foreign length precision instruments. Here we research theoretical basis of thermal deformation error so that put forward a set of feasible revision method on controlling environmental temperature and temperature error compensation under specific conditions.