全球跨区域铁资源物质流动分析

世界经济的快速发展带动了金属铁消费需求的快速增长。由于全球铁资源分布和钢铁产业链发展不平衡,各国之间展开了频繁的贸易往来,贸易商品的范围涵盖了从铁矿石到最终产品的各个层面。本文基于中国海关和联合国商品贸易统计数据,从全产业链角度将含铁产品分为6大类,利用物质流分析方法对全球各大洲之间铁物质的流动方向及特点进行了分析,得出以下结论:(1)铁资源贸易量与世界经济态势息息相关;(2)亚洲和欧洲为铁资源主要进口地区,大洋洲和北美洲为铁资源主要出口地区;(3)全球不同地区铁资源进口和出口类型及需求品种存在很大差异。以亚洲和欧洲为代表的许多地区形成了"进口原料,出口产品"的贸易格局;(4)由于成本等限制,废料较少在各洲之间贸易。本文为全产业链的铁资源国际贸易研究提供了新的视角。

Analysis of global trans - regional iron resource movement

With the rapid development of national economy, metal consumption demand has been rapid growth. In order to solve the imbalance in the allocation of global iron resources, the world launched a frequent trade,the division of labor in various regions is not limited to iron ore and the final product level. The data obtained from the Chinese customs and the United Nations merchandise trade statistics database,According to the iron industry chain, iron products are divided into six categories, and the global regional iron material flow is analyzed. There are following conclusions: (1) The volume of iron resources trade is closely related to the world economic situation. (2)Asia and Europe show import status, Oceania and North America show export status.(3) Asia as the largest iron ore import area, its foreign dependence is extremely high. Europe is the largest importer of steel products with the largest import value. (4) Because of the natural resources and technical conditions, the trade pattern of Asia and Europe are "imported raw materials, export products," (5) Due to the cost restriction, waste is less traded between the continents. Thus we can analyze the direction and characteristics of global iron international trade flows.