小杂粮物料特性与粗加工技术及装备的研究

小杂粮粗加工主要包括脱壳和分选过程。脱壳采用碾搓、挤压、撞击等机械式脱壳法和能量法、微波爆壳法等非机械式脱壳法;较为先进的分选方法是应用计算机视觉、风选除杂和静电除杂系统进行自动分级。本文在研究山西省典型小杂粮作物谷子、荞麦和红芸豆物性参数的基础上,对小杂粮物料脱壳机理、分选方式及加工设备进行综述与分析,为小杂粮粗加工技术装备的改进及优化提供参考。

Study on Material Characteristics and Equipments of Rough Processing for Small Grains

The means of rough processing for small grains are mainly divided into shelling and sorting.The shelling way is consisted of mechanical shelling and non-mechanical shelling,the former method includes compaction,extrusion and impacting,while the later method includes energy and microwave breaking.The better sorting way is to use computer vision technology,winnowing and electrostatic separation for automatic classification.In this paper,authors tested the characteristics of small grains including millet,buckw...