液压减振器偏摩现象动力学分析和试验研究

通过对轿车后悬架系统力学建模,推导了双筒液压减振器在车轮平面和车轴平面内的受力计算公式,结合试验数据和实际参数对后悬架进行受力分析。从试验和系统动力学角度分析了液压减振器出现偏摩现象的原因。道路不平、车速较高并且冲击过大,使后减振器活塞杆承受突加弯曲,冲击载荷急剧增大,是导致偏磨的主要原因。车辆装配后,后减振器活塞杆不是严格垂直,使减振器活塞杆上产生附加动载荷,也易导致偏摩现象发生。所述的理论与试验研究结果可为减振器的设计及改进提供系统的理论依据。

THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF ONE-SIDE WEAR-OUT FOR HYDRAULIC SHOCK ABSORBER

Dynamic loads acting on a twin-tube hydraulic shock absorber are derived out both in the wheel and the axle planes by modeling mechanically car rear suspensions, and internal and external forces of the piston rods are analyzed according to the testing data and the practical parameters. From viewpoint of the whole car assembly, due to the piston rods hardly perfectly placed in their positions between suspension and body causes an additional dynamic loading. Key factors such as road unevenness, very high car speed and severe shock induced vibrations are studied, which lead to sudden bending moments and dramatically increasing shock loading. All these possibilities may easily produce one-side wear-out and tribocorrosion of the piston rods of the rear suspensions. Valueable results presented from theoretical and experimental analysis are systematically significant and improvement of the shock absorbers.