电离层高频传播点对点射线追踪仿真器

为了发展高效的高频(High Frequency，HF)电波点对点传播仿真工具，研究了一个HF电波经电离层反射传播的点对点射线追踪仿真器(Point-to-point Ionospheric Ray Tracing Simulator，PIRTS).该仿真器通过求解Haselgrove方程进行射线追踪，电离层传播环境使用三维网格，网格由国际参考电离层2007版(International Reference Ionosphere，IRI2007)生成或由电离图导出的真高剖面提供，地磁场使用国际参考地磁场第11版（International Geomagnetic Reference Field，IGRF11)建模.PIRTS能高效搜索连接发射点和接收点的所有射线，包括低角射线、高角射线以及不同层反射的射线.为了验证PIRTS的精度和实用性，比较了实测的与PIRTS仿真合成的垂测电离图，还比较了西安莆田HF链路上观测的与PIRTS仿真的最大可用频率.对比结果表明：PIRTS具有较高的精度和较快的效率，能达到实用的水平，尤其适合于斜向电离图的仿真、HF通信选频等点对点传播问题.

Point-to-point ray tracing simulator for ionospheric HF propagation

A point-to-point ionospheric ray tracing simulator（PIRTS)is presented，which is especially suitable for the oblique propagation in ionosphere，frequency-selection in HF communication，and similar point-to-point propagation problems.PIRTS integrates Haselgrove equations to trace rays，and the ionosphere propagation environment is specified as three-dimensional grid，which is generated by IRI2007（International Reference Ionosphere 2007)or a true height profile reduced form an ionogram.The geomagnetic field is specified as IGRF11（International Geomagnetic Reference Field 11th ed).Besides，PIRTS can search all the rays which connect the transmitter and receiver，including low angle rays，high angle rays and different rays reflected form different ionized layers.In PIRTS，the simulated vertical ionograms are compared with measured ionograms， and the MUF（maximum usable frequency) computed by PIRTS are also compared with MUFs measured by Xi’an-Putian HF radio links experiment. The difference between these two kinds of comparision is small.Finally，some of application in simulations of oblique iongram by PIRTS are given.