湖南茶油中脂肪酸及活性成分研究

目的建立紫外分光光度法快速检测湖南本地油茶(Camellia oleifera Abel.)茶籽油中多酚、总黄酮和消光系数的分析方法。方法搜集30批次油茶籽油,建立紫外分光光度法测定油茶籽油的总黄酮值、多酚含量和消光系数,参照食品安全国家标准,测定油茶籽油中11种脂肪酸成分。结果确定紫外分光光度法不同参数指标中茶油待测样品的最大吸收波长,油茶籽油的总黄酮值含量在0.02~8.32 mg/kg范围之间、多酚含量在7.08~34.63 mg/kg范围之间,消光系数在0.135~1.445范围之间。11种脂肪酸组成中比例最高的3项依次是油酸、亚油酸和棕榈酸,不饱和脂肪酸比例超过86%。结论建立紫外分光光度快速检测法,有助于对油茶籽油质量分级及定向功能性筛选,适宜工厂实时监测和化妆品研发数据参考;对主要脂肪酸进行动脉粥样硬化指数(atherogenic index,AI)和血栓形成指数(thrombosis index,TI)两项营养指数评价,油茶籽油造成心血管的风险很低,具有良好的油用价值;为湖南茶油生产与加工过程中质量安全控制及高附加值产品的研发提供了一定的基础数据。

Research on fatty acids and active components in Camellia oleifera Abel. seed oil of Hunan province

UV spectrophotometry was used to determine polyphenols, total flavonoids and extinction coefficient of Hunan native Camellia Oleifera Abel seeds. The maximum absorption wavelength of samples in different indexes was determined, which proved that the above indexes were significantly affected by the processing technology. The establishment of a convenient UV detection method is helpful to the quality classification and directional functional screening of Camellia oleifera seed oil, which is suitable for real-time monitoring in factories. 11 fatty acid components of Camellia seed oil were detected by gas chromatography with hydrogen ion flame GC-FID, and the results were analyzed Nutritional index evaluation, the results show that Camellia oleifera seed oil has low cardiovascular risk, and has good oil value; the research results provide certain basic data for the quality and safety control in the production and processing of camellia seed oil in Hunan Province and the development of high value-added products.