国内外城市绿地游憩制约研究进展与启示

虽然城市绿地是广受欢迎的城市游憩空间,但是现实中不愿参与、不能参与绿地游憩活动的现象仍客观存在,这反映出城市绿地游憩存在制约因素。目前有关城市绿地游憩制约的分析多分散于各类城市绿地研究中,尚未进行系统性综述。在梳理国内外城市绿地游憩制约文献的基础上,介绍绿地游憩制约的国内外研究现状以及发展经历,对绿地游憩制约影响因素、游憩制约强度序列、游憩制约机制、不同人群面临的绿地游憩制约和游憩制约改善途径5个方面进行分类归纳。随着休闲时间深夜化、加班常态化、长距离通勤以及新冠肺炎疫情期间居家办公等新的生活方式的兴起,城市居民开展绿地游憩活动将面临"时间不巧,供需错配"等多维制约,仅用绿地可达性已经不能解释"邻绿无暇、有暇无伴"等新的绿地游憩制约现象,今后应当尝试将绿地游憩制约多维性嵌入到城市绿地游憩规划实践当中,构建城市绿地游憩研究的综合范式。

Domestic and Overseas Progress and Enlightenment of Researches on Urban Green Space Recreation Constraints

Urban green space is a recreational space popular among citizens in cities. However, some people are unwilling or unable to participate in green space recreational activities, which reflects certain recreation constraints of the urban green space. The existing researches on the recreation constraints mainly focus on those of different kinds of urban green space, without systematic overviews. On the basis of sorting out the domestic and foreign literatures on urban green space recreation constraints, this paper introduces the current research status at home and abroad and the development of green space recreation constraints. It summarizes five aspects including the influential factors of green space recreation constraints, sequence of recreation constraints intensity, mechanism of recreation constraints, green space recreation constraints faced by different groups of people and improvement ways for recreation constraints. With the rise of new lifestyles such as later leisure time, normalized overtime work, long-distance commuting and home office due to COVID-19, urban residents have to face the constraints from various aspects such as "improper time and mismatched supply and demand" in the green space recreational activities. The green space availability can no longer interpret the new green space recreation constraints such as "no leisure time regardless of the green space nearby and no companion regardless of the leisure time available". Instead, efforts shall be made to integrate the green space recreation constraints into urban green space recreational planning from different dimensions and build a comprehensive pattern of urban green space recreational researches in the future.