离子液体电沉积铝添加剂的研究进展

离子液体作为一种新型绿色室温电解质,具有蒸气压低、挥发性小、电化学窗口宽等优点,是电沉积Al的理想选择.但是采用离子液体电沉积Al,当沉积时间较长、电流密度较大时,沉积层的晶粒粗大,表面较为粗糙,甚至会出现树枝状沉积,容易剥落,严重影响到Al沉积层的质量与性能.离子液体添加剂可显著改善Al沉积层光亮度、平整度、致密度以...

Research Progress of Additives for Electrodeposition of Aluminum from Ionic Liquid

As a new environment-friendly room temperature electrolyte, ionic liquid has the advantages of low vapor pressure, low volatility and wide electrochemical window, so it is an ideal choice for electrodeposition of Al. However, if the ionic liquid is used to electrodeposit Al, the longer the deposition time is and the higher the current density is, the larger the gain size is and the rougher the sunface of the deposition layer is, and even dendritic deposition occurs, which is easy to peel off, thus seriously affecting the quality and performance of the Al deposition layer. Ionic liquid additives can significantly improve the brightness, flatness, density and corrosion resistance of Al deposition layer. The effects of additives on the electrodeposition of Al from ionic liquids are reviewed, with emphasis on the effects of additives on the microstructure of Al deposition layer, the physical properties of ionic liquids, the corrosion resistance of Al deposition layer and the action mechanism of additives for the electrodeposition of Al from ionic liquids. Additives control the nucleation and growth of Al grains by optimizing the electrochemical properties such as conductivity and viscosity of ionic liquids and ion discharge conditions, so as to adjust the nucleation position, refine grain size, and preferred grain orientation, and even some inorganic chloride additives can form alloys with Al, finally bring the compact Al deposition layer with brightness, flatness and excellent corrosion resistance. Additives mainly play the role of leveling agent and brightener in the electrodeposition of Al from the ionic liquids. Last, the application prospect and future research focus of additives for electrodeposition of Al from ionic liquid are analyzed and prospected.