适应中国电力现货市场发展的容量补偿机制初探

容量机制是现货市场发展的重要补充,高效的容量补偿机制设计是保障现货市场平稳运行,稳定发电机组营收能力,促进电力系统充裕度的重要措施。文中首先论述了现货市场的收入缺失问题以及大规模可再生能源对现货市场的冲击,论证了容量补偿机制的必要性。然后,总结了主流容量补偿机制(稀缺电价、容量补贴以及容量市场机制)的发展现状及近期效果,并讨论了容量补贴机制的执行流程、定价方法以及机制设计中的关键问题,介绍了容量市场框架、市场组织、关键参数设计方式以及相关影响因素。最后为中国容量补偿机制的发展提出了意见。

Preliminary Study on Capacity Compensation Mechanism Adapted to Development of Electricity Spot Market in China

The capacity mechanism is an important supplement to the development of the electricity spot market. The design of an efficient capacity compensation mechanism is an important measure to stabilize the operation of the spot market and the revenue of generator sets, and it promotes the adequacy of the power system. This paper first discusses the missing money problem in the spot market and the impact of the large-scale renewable energy on the spot market, and demonstrates the necessity of the capacity compensation mechanism. Then, the development status and recent effects of the main capacity compensation mechanisms (scarce electricity price, capacity subsidy and capacity market mechanism) are summarized. The implementation process, pricing method and key issues in the capacity subsidy mechanism design are discussed. The capacity market framework, market organization, key parameter design methods and related influencing factors are introduced. Finally, some suggestions are put forward for the development of capacity compensation mechanisms in China.