云制造模式与支撑技术

云计算正迅速改变着信息系统设计、构建和服务方式，全球化背景下的现代制造也呈现出按需、自组织和网络化分布的“云态”特点；云制造借鉴云计算的理念，利用云计算技术、物联网技术，将制造资源虚拟化和制造能力服务化，提供面向制造企业的主动、敏捷、聚合、全方位的制造能力服务。论文对云制造模式及其特征进行了探讨，对云制造资源和能力的云端化、资源聚集与服务、服务运营与交易等支撑技术进行分析，提出了一种新型的云制造服务支撑系统架构；研发系统原型并在汽车类企业群进行了应用验证，有效提升了供应链协作的效率和效益。

Model and key technologies of cloud manufacturing

Cloud computing has been providing a new promising paradigm and changes the way of design and build of information systems and service provisions. With the more and more fierce competition in the global market, there are also increasing demands for individual manufacturing enterprises to collaborate with each other in a flexible, on demand, and self organized way. As a new manufacturing model, cloud manufacturing is borrowed from the concept of cloud computing and integrates the key technologies of cloud computing, Internet of things, service computing and some others. In the cloud manufacturing environment, manufacturing resources are encapsulated as manufacturing services by using virtualization technology, and the resources and services are then provided to enterprises on demand. In this paper, the characteristics of cloud manufacturing model were briefly described, and the key technologies such as resource virtualization, resource integration, cloud manufacturing platform and trading technologies for cloud service were also discussed. Finally, the preliminary research results were introduced and several applications of cloud manufacturing were presented.