计及需求响应的气电互联虚拟电厂多目标调度优化模型

随着分布式能源渗透率的逐步提高，虚拟电厂技术逐渐成为解决可再生能源规模化发展的关键技术，文章重点研究气电互联虚拟电厂多目标优化问题。首先，文章将风电机组、光伏发电机组、燃气轮机、电转气设备、储气装置等集成为虚拟电厂，同时联动公共网络和天然气网络，负荷侧包括电力负荷、氢气燃料电池汽车负荷、天然气负荷，并在终端负荷引入需求响应技术进行调节。然后，以运行经济效益、削峰填谷效应、二氧化碳排放作为优化目标，结合功率平衡等约束条件，构建气电互联虚拟电厂多目标模型，通过为各目标函数赋权将多目标优化模型转化为单目标模型进行求解。最后，为了验证所建立模型的有效性和可行性，选取了某地区虚拟电厂作为算例进行分析，比较4种情景下运行结果。算例结果表明：1）所提气电互联虚拟电厂多目标优化模型能够实现经济性、稳定性、环保性多方面综合效益最优；2）电转气和需求响应具有协同削峰填谷效应，提高系统运行稳定性；3）电转气设备增加了清洁能源并网量，减小碳排放量；4）虚拟电厂与公共网络相连能够实现能量间灵活互动，有利于制定合理购售电策略优化虚拟电厂运行。

Multi-Objective Optimization Model of Gas-Electricity Interconnected Virtual Power Plant Considering Demand Response

With the gradual increase of distributed energy permeability,virtual power plant technology has gradually become a key technology to solve the large-scale development of renewable energy.This paper focuses on multi-objective optimization of gas-electricity interconnected virtual power plant.Firstly,this paper integrates wind power,photovoltaic power generation,convention gas turbine,power-to-gas,gas storage tank,etc.into virtual power plants.At the same time,it links the public power grid and natural gas network.The load side includes electricity load,hydrogen fuel-cell vehicle load and natural gas load.The demand response is introduced to adjust the terminal load.Then,combined with power balance and other constraints,the multi-objective model of the gas-electricity interconnected virtual power plant is constructed with the optimization objectives of economic benefit of operation,peak regulation,and carbon dioxide emission.The multi-objective optimization model is transformed into a single-objective model by w eighing each objective function.Finally,in order to verify the validity and feasibility of the established model,a virtual pow er plant in a certain area is selected as an example to compare the operation results of four scenarios.The results show that:1)The multi-objective optimization model of the gaselectricity interconnected virtual pow er plant can achieve the optimal comprehensive benefits of economy,stability and environmental protection;2)Pow er-to-gas and demand response have the synergistic effect of peak regulation,w hich improves the stability of the system;3)Pow er-to-gas increases the amount of grid-connected clean energy and reduces carbon emissions;4)The connection betw een the virtual pow er plant and the public netw ork enables flexible energy interaction,and the rational purchase and sale of electricity strategies can optimize operation.