基于泛在互联的虚拟电厂参与实时市场模型

通过物联网平台的部署,海量的用户侧灵活可控资源能够以泛在接入的方式聚合成虚拟电厂,参与电力市场交易,为系统提供需求响应服务,缓解系统的错峰压力。针对虚拟电厂用户参与实时交易的即时性、分散性、自治协同等特征,提出了适应虚拟电厂参与的实时能量市场模型,并采用了用户与边缘节点协调的分布式调度方法,实现海量虚拟电厂用户对实时中标功率的自主响应。首先,虚拟电厂基于各边缘节点聚合的响应能力,将响应功率通过射影函数分配到各边缘节点,再由边缘节点通过交替方向乘子法与各用户进行迭代通信,计算出各用户的响应功率。最后,通过实际算例验证所提算法的有效性。结果表明,用户与边缘节点协调互动的分布式调度方式,能够满足海量虚拟电厂用户进行实时响应的即时性、高效性要求。

Modeling of Virtual Power Plants Based on Ubiquitous Interconnection Participating in Real-Time Market

With the deployment of internet of things （IoT） platform， a massive number of flexible resources at demand side can be aggregated into a virtual power plant （VPP） with ubiquitous interconnection and involved in the power market trading by providing demand response， so as to mitigate the peak demand of power system. For the need of instantaneity， dispersion and autonomous coordination of VPP members in the real-time trade， this paper proposes a real-time energy market model adapted to the participation of VPP， and adopts a distributed dispatch method based on the coordination between users and edge nodes， for the objective of offering proactive demand response. In this method， the VPP allocates the bidding power to edge nodes using a projective function based on aggregate capability of each edge. Then， edge node and users compute and interact the responsive power iteratively using an alternating direction method of multipliers. Finally， a practical case study is conducted in order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The results show that the method can meet the need for VPP in providing instant and efficient real-time response.